Receptacle for liquid air



G. WEBER.

RECEPTACLE FOR LIQUID AIR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.27,1919.

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eurrnaunn WEBER, or HAYANGE, FRANCE, assrenon 'ro socrn'rn mas rnrrrs rDEFRANCOIS DE WENDEL ET CIE., OF PARIS, FRANCE.

RECEPTACLE FOR LIQUID AIR.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1, 11922.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUILLAUME VVnsnR, subject of the Republic of France,reslding at Hayange, Lorraine, France, have 1nvented certain new anduseful Improvements in Receptacles for Liquid Air (for which I havefiled an application in Germany on the 23rd of Nov., 1917), of which thefollowing is a specification.

The receptacles presently in use for transporting or storing liquid airare mostly glass or china vessels with a double wall and an intermediatevacuum space.

Said receptacles are objectionable in that they are expensive tomanufacture, are easily broken and often ensure a good insulation onlyfor a short time. Moreover, such receptacles cannot be used to receivecartridges which are'to be impregnated with liquid air.

This invention has for its object an improved receptacle for liquefiedair or other gases with or without a protecting space more or lesscompletely free from ,air in which the above disadvantages areeliminated. Said receptacle may be manufactured at a low cost price andin any dimensions. It is very strong and durable and may be also usedfor receiving cartridges to be impregnated with liquid air.

lin the annexed drawing:

F ig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a receptacle for transporting andstoring liquefied air or other gases, constructed in accordance with theinvention.

Fig. 2 is a corresponding horizontal cross section.

The improved receptacle is composed of an inner reservoir w, and a fewconcentric vessels 1) withintervening spaces 0 filled'with atmosphericair or any other gas and in communication with each other by smallopenings (2. Around the outer vessel 1) is a casing e which ispreferably filled with an insulating material and is itself surroundedby one or more chambers 7'' which will receive the cool vapors issuingfrom the liquid air contained in the inner reservoir and passing throughopenings g formed in the upper part of the receptacle. The receptaclecomprises also a protecting outer casing 72., a valve z and a cap ishaving a conical passage Z. The outer wall of the last of saidchambers-f is formed of said casing h and the chambers f communicatewith each other by small openings such as it (Figure 1.)

down to The small openings provided in the concentric vessels have'fortheir purpose to es tablish a communication between the differentvessels for balancing the pressure produced in said vessels when air ata low temperature has been introduced intov the reser voir and soprevent said concentric vessels from collapsing. By this means it is nomore necessary to strengthen the diflerent vessels by connecting orbracing them to each other, which would interferewith a good in:sulation of the receptacle.

Experiments have shown that the rate of evaporation of liquid airdecreases as the number of the vessels provided with small openingsincreases but said decrease does not obtain in the same ratio as theincrease in the number of concentric vessels.

In the present instance, for the purpose of obtaining a receptacle whichis very handy, it is highly desirable to provide only a few vesselsfilled with atmospheric air for instance four and five and have thewalls or envelopes extended as high as possible around the neck of thereceptacle in order to obtain a better protection against outer heat.

The evaporated air does not pass, as a rule, through the vessel 0 filledwith an insulating material so that the insulating power of the same isnot decreased by the moisture in the vapours.

In order to utilize the cold vapours given out in a great quantityduring the introduction of the liquid air and cartridges into the innerreservoir, said vapours are forced, upon closing the cap is which isonlyremoved for the purpose of introducing the cartridges, to enter theopenings 9 and fill the chambers f. The small passagel'provided in thecap is used for introducing the liquid air into the receptacle, saidliquid air being either drawn from the liquefying apparatus by means ofa pipe ortaken from a storage tank by means of a funnel. The passage Zis closed by means of a conical stopwe per m.

It will be noted that the receptacles heretofore used for transportingand storing liquid air, as well as those used for impregnating liquidair cartridges for poses were so constructed that the cold vapours givenoff in a mat quantity during the introduction of t e liquid air into thereceptacle and the cooling of the cartridges mining purthe temperatureof the liquid air 11o were permitted to escape freely and wasted;

the were not utilized for cooling the recep other by small openings,said concentric ves-- sels bein filled with a dead volume of at;mospheric air, an intermediate casing surrounding the outer vessel andcontaining an insulating material, outer casings surround ing theintermediate casing and having their insides in communication with eachother, a valve on ,the outermost casing adapted to open into the outeratmosphere, a passage affording a communication between the inside ofthe reservoir and the outer atmosphere, the innermost of the outercasings being in communication with said passage, a closure adapt ,d toclose the outlet of said passage and carrying means on the outermostcasing.

2. A receptacle for liquefied gases comprising an inner reservoir,insulating envelopes around the same, terminating at their upper part bya narrow portion surrounding a neck, said neck communicating with saidinner reservoir and havingsucha dimension that it allows of introducingblast cartridges into the reservoir and removing the same therefrom,removable means for closing said neck by simple engagement on the top ofsaid narrow portion, a small passage through said cap in communicationwith the reservoir for introducing or removing the liquefied gas andremovable means for closing said passage.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

GUILLAUME WEBER.

Witnesses JEAN Dumomr, EDOUARD FABER.

